高中一起作业英语动词种类和形式知识点英文归纳
类 别
意义
例 句
实义动词
包含实在的意义,表示动作或状态,在句子中能独立作谓语。
She has some bananas.
They eat a lot of potatoes.
连系动词
本身有一定的词义,但无从独立作谓语,必须和表语一起咬合谓语。
His father is a teacher.
Twins usually look the same.
The teacher became very angry.
助动词
本身没有词义,无从独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起咬合谓语动词,用以表示否定，语态或其它语法形式,助动词本人有人称，species单复数和时态的变化。
He doesn’t speak English.
We are playing basketball.
Do you have a brother?
情态动词有哪些动词
本身有一定的意义,无从独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起咬合谓语动词,表示说话人的语气和情态动词有哪些。情态动词有哪些动词没有人称和species单复数的变化,有些情态动词有哪些动词有过去式。
You can keep the books for two weeks.
May I smoke here?
We must go now.
重要性注解：
(1)关于实义动词：
。一起作业英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类：
后头必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词；本身意义完整,后头不需跟宾语的叫不及物动词。
。有些动词通常只作不及物动词。如：go,come,happen,lie,listen,rise,arrive等。
有些动词通常用作及物动词。如：say,raise,lay,find,buy等。
。左半动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如：study,sing等。
。有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所敌众我寡歌词。如：know,wash等。
。有些动词常和叹词。副词或其它词类一起咬合固定词组,形成词组动词。如：listen,reply,wait,look.
(2)关于连系动词：
。连系动词用以连通主语和表语,连系动词后头常为形容词有哪些。
。常见的连系动词有：be。become，look，smell，taste。seem，turn，go，lie等。
。有些连系动词起源实义动词,意思也跟着变化：look(看→看上去)，feel(感性，smell(闻，嗅→闻起来)，taste(尝→尝起来)。turn(翻转，转动→变得)，grow(生长→变得)，get(得到，到达→变得)，go(去→变得),所敌众我寡的是,行事实义动词时,后头无从跟形容词有哪些。
(3)关于助动词：
。常见的助动词有：
用于进行时和被动语态的be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being);
用于姣好时的'have(has,had,having);
用于将来时的shall(should);will(would)
用于一般时的do(does,did).
。助动词必须同主语的人称和数一致,且不说因主语人称。数的敌众我寡而采用敌众我寡的形式,其中有些助动词也可作情态动词有哪些动词。如：shall,will,should,would.
2，动词词形变化负债表：
(1)规则动词变化表：
规 则变 化
原形动词末尾情况
一般时单三人称
现在分词/动量词
过去式和过去分词
一般情况
+s
+ing
+ed
s,x,ch,sh,o末尾
+es
+ing
+ed
辅音字母+y末尾
y→i,+es
+ing
y→i,+ed
重读闭音节一元一辅末尾
+s
双写辅音字母,+ing
双写辅音字母,+ed
不发音的e末尾
+s
去掉e,+ing
+d
ie末尾
+s
ie→y,+ing
+d
颠三倒四变化
have→has；be→is
(无)
(见颠三倒四动词变化表)
(2)颠三倒四动词变化表：(原形→过去式→过去分词)
be(am,is)
was
been
lose
lost
lost
be(are)
were
been
make
made
made
beat
beat
beaten
may
might
become
became
become
mean
meant
meant
begin
began
begun
meet
met
met
blow
blew
blown
mistake
mistook
mistaken
break
broke
broken
must
must
bring
brought
brought
pay
paid
paid
build
built
built
put
put
put
buy
bought
bought
read
read
Read
can
could
ride
rode
ridden
catch
caught
caught
ring
rang
rung
choose
chose
chosen
rise
rose
risen
come
came
come
run
ran
run
cost
cost
cost
say
said
said
cut
cut
cut
see
saw
seen
dig
dug
dug
sell
sold
sold
do
did
done
send
sent
sent
draw
drew
drawn
set
set
set
drink
drank
drunk
shall
should
drive
drove
driven
shine
shone
shone
eat
ate
eaten
show
showed
shown
fall
fell
fallen
shut
shut
shut
feel
felt
felt
sing
sang
sung
find
found
found
sink
sank/sunk
sunk/sunken
fly
flew
flown
sit
set
set
forget
forgot
forgot/forgotten
sleep
slept
slept
freeze
froze
frozen
smell
smelt
smelt
get
got
got
speak
spoke
spoken
give
gave
given
spend
spent
spent
go
went
gone
spill
spilt
spilt
grow
grew
grown
spoil
spoilt
spoilt
hang
hung/hanged
hung/hanged
stand
stood
stood
have(has)
had
had
sweep
swept
swept
hear
heard
heard
swim
swam
swum
hide
hid
hidden
take
took
taken
hit
hit
hit
teach
taught
taught
hold
held
held
tell
told
told
hurt
hurt
hurt
think
thought
thought
keep
kept
kept
throw
threw
thrown
know
knew
known
understand
understood
understood
lay
laid
laid
wake
woke/waked
woken/waked
learn
learnt/learned
learnt/learned
wear
wore
worn
leave
left
left
will
would
lend
lent
lent
win
won
won
let
let
let
write
wrote
witten
lie
lay
lain
3，be(“是/存在”)动词的各族时态变化：
一 般 现 在 时
一 般 将 来 时
现 在 完 成 时
I am….
You are.…
He/She/It is….
We/You/They are….
(I等各人称) will be….
I am
He/She/It is going to be…
We/You/They are
I have been….
You have been….
She/he/It has been….
We/You/They have been….
一 般 过 去 时
过 去 将 来 时
过 去 完 成 时
I was….
You were.…
He/She/It was….
We/You/They were….
(I等各人称) would be….
I was
He/She/It was going to be…
We/You/They were
I had been….
You had been….
She/he/It had been….
We/You/They had been….
注意：句型变化时,
否定句在am/is/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/would后头加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t(am后头not不可以缩写)；
陈述句将am/is/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/would提前到句首。
4，其它谓语动词(主动语态)的时态变化负债表：
现在 时态
一 般 现 在 时
现 在 进 行 时
一 般 将 来 时
现 在 完 成 时
谓语动词咬合
动词用原形(单三加s / es)
(问句和否定句借用助词do / does)
am
is +动词-ing
are
will + 动词原形
am
is +going to+动词原形
are
have +过去分词
has
过去 时态
一 般 过 去 时
过 去 进 行 时
过 去 将 来 时
过 去 完 成 时
谓语动词咬合
动词用过去式
(问句和否定句借用助词did)
was
+动词-ing
were
would + 动词原形
was
+going to+动词原形
were
注：动词的非谓语形式及用法见非谓语动词地方专项主讲。
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